Mechanism for atomizing fuel oil



C. F. SHADE MECHANISM FOR ATOMIZING .FUEL OIL Filed Dec. 16, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTE! RNEY Oct. 10, 1939.

Oct. 10, 1939. c.i4 SHADE MECHANISM FOR ATOMIZING FUEL OIL Filed Dec. 16, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVE NTUR CHARLES 'F E HAU E ATI'RNEY Patented Oct. 10, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIQE MECHANISM FOR ATOMIZING FUEL OIL Application December 16, 1935, Serial No. 54,579

2 Claims.

This invention relates to the treatment of fuel oil and has particular relation to the atomizing of fuel oil for use as an explosive mixture in internal combustion engines.

Various schemes for treating petroleum oil for use as fuel in internal combustion engines have been promulgated, but heretofore it is believed that either the atomization has been inefficient or other difficulties have presented themselves which precluded the use of hydrocarbon oil as a motive fuel.

The present invention has for its primary object means whereby fuel oil may be treated for use as an explosive mixture in internal combustion engines, and wherein the result obtained has none of the objectionable features heretofore inherent in atomized petroleum oil.

A further object of this invention is to provide means whereby petroleum oil may be Vaporized and mixed with air to provide an efficient explosive mixture for internal combustion engines.

According to the invention, the motor vehicle is supplied with an oil supply tank, means for compressing the oil, means for atomizing the compressed oil through tortuous passages, and means for carburetting the resultant vapor so that a highly atomized mixture enters the fuel manifold.

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention and the Views therein are as follows:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an adapter applied to a fuel manifold intake, the atomizer incorporated therewith, and carburetter means applied thereto,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view showing the auxiliary air admission valve,

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the atomizer,

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the atomizing plug,

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same,

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the same,

Fig. 7 is an elevational View of the adapter showing the atomizer associated therewith and having the carburetter removed and a sliding choke valve connected therewith, and fg Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view of the structure of Fig. 7, showing the choke valve in open position.

In the ordinary automobile construction, the carburetter is affixed to the fuel manifold intake head 3l, but in the present invention we have removed the carburetter from this position and have connected an adapter 38 to the flanges 39 of said manifold intake by the flanges 4| on said adapter.

This adapter has an obliquely drilled hole 42 with a spark plug thread 43 at its outer end adapted to receive the spark plug threaded part 44 of the atomizer shown in Fig. 3.

The adapter has a central chamber 4G and at the upper end of the same where its ange 4| engages the flange 39 of the manifold inlet there is placed between said flanges a plate 4l which is convex as to the adapter and which is provided with apertures 48 for the admission of gasied fuel oil into the intake of the fuel manifold, as later explained.

The atomizer is as follows: A body portion 49 is provided with a central chamber 5l, and its upper part is threaded as at 52 to receive a bearing nut 53 and a lock nut 54, each having a central threaded opening 5E. One side of the body is provided with a threaded opening 5l communicating with the central chamber 5l, and in which there is provided means 58 for attaching a pipe leading from a compression reservoir. Pressure is built up in this compression reservoir by a pressure pump (not shown).

The lower reduced end of the body 49 is threaded as at 59 for the purpose of receiving a closure cap 6 I. This cap comprises an interiorly threaded chamber having a reduced lower end 62 through which there is a central orice 63 provided with a seat 64.

Threaded into the interiorly threaded part of the cap 6| is a plug 66 which has a lateral screw driver slot 6l in its upper end and which has vertical slots 68 passing through the periphery thereof and through the threads E9 thereof.

Beneath the screw threaded portion 69 there is a reduced shank ll which forms in the cap 6I an annular chamber 12. The shank 'll fits against the horizontal disposed bottom T3 of the cap 6l, but it is provided on its bottom face with radially extending grooves 14 which meet at a central aperture 16 through which a valve stem 'l1 extends, and whose relation t-o the seat 64 is arranged by means of a threaded upper portion 18 engaging the internal threads 56 of the parts `53 and 54 and regulated by means of the hand bar 19 at the upper end thereof.

The outer end of the adapter may be provided with a flange 8l as shown in Fig. 1. To this flange there may be connected the flange 83 of a carburetter, and the carburetter valve may be attached to the arm 84 operated as an ordinary choke. In the type of carburetter used, the throttling valve will be removed and it will be placed in the fuel manifold intake head 31 as shown at 86. This valve may then be connected through lever 81 with a starter button (not shown) In Figs. 1 and 4, I have shown an auxiliary air admission valve 88 which controls a port 89 by virtue of its needle point 9| cooperating with the seat 92. This auxiliary air admission valve is for the purpose of obtaining the proper mixture of fuel at idling speed. When the motor is running at very low or at idling speed, the throttling valve 86 will be closed and, therefore, air will not be drawn in from the carburetter or will be drawn in in such small quantities that it is not suflicient to make the proper mix. It is for this purpose that the auxiliary air admission valve is used because its attachment will allow sufficient air to enter the adapter to give the proper mixture at idling speed.

In Fig. 7, the carburetter has been omitted. However the throttling valve 86 of Fig. 1 will still be employed and onto the ange 8l there will be pivotally mounted a choke plate 93 which will be connected with a choke button through the rod 94 so that the admission of air to the central chamber 46 can be controlled.

Experiments over a long period of time with cars giving a definite mileage per gallon of gasoline have demonstrated the fact that the same mileage per gallon can be accomplished with fuel oil. It has been found that Number 3 or 4 fuel oil by the described mechanism can be properly atomized so as to produce mileage of this given automobile gallon for gallon. Since Number 3 fuel oil is less than one-third of the cost of standard gasolines, the herein described system will give at least three times the mileage for a given gasoline cost. Moreover, extended operations of cars equipped with this system have shown that there is no undue carbon deposit and that over a long mileage there is no greater fouling of the spark plugs than with the use of gasoline.

It will be understood that oil being under pressure due to a pressure pump (not shown), it will enter the atomizer at a higher temperature and at reduced viscosity, thus making it more capable of atomizing.

Of course the particular mechanism and system illustrated by the drawings and described herein are capable of wide variation and modication without departing from the invention herein set forth and hereafter claimed.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

l. An atomizer for atomizing fuel oil comprising a body having a central chamber, an inlet leading to said chamber, a cap engaging the lower end of said body a screw threaded plug in said cap and having passages through the threads and a shank providing an annular chamber at its lower end, a central opening through said plug, radial grooves on the lower face of said shank, a seated opening in said cap, and a valve having its stem extending through the central opening in said plug and adapted to control the opening in said cap.

2. An atomizer for atomiaing fuel oil comprising a body having a central chamber, an inlet leading to said chamber, a cap engaging the lower end of said body, a screw threaded plug in said cap and having passages through the threads and a shank providing an annular chamber at its lower end, a central opening through said plug, radial grooves on the lower face of said shank, a seated opening in said, cap, and a valve adjustably mounted in said body and having its stem extending through the central opening in said plug and adapted to control the opening in said cap.

CHARLES F. SHADE. 

